Instead of leaning into the heavier side of hardcore or branching off into ska-punk like their heroes, fellow Bay Area knuckleheads Operation Ivy, Green Day opted to use pop hooks as their most essential weapon. While they weren’t around during the genre’s explosion in the late 1970s and were just ahead of the hardcore underground scene of the 1980s, Green Day was the key band in keeping punk in the public eye while grunge, hip-hop, R&B, and adult contemporary took over the 1990s.Īlthough they didn’t invent the subgenre, Green Day are the biggest and most visible pop-punk band that ever lived. To support these efforts, UNESCO launched in December 2022 its Open Science Toolkit, a collection of resources designed to support the implementation of the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science.When it’s all said and done, Green Day could very well be the most important punk band of all time. Open science means opening up among scientists, across borders, between disciplines and beyond single communities.īringing this vision to reality requires coordinated efforts by all. Now, we have a shared framework and a set of actions to take across the four key pillars of openness: open scientific knowledge open science infrastructures open engagement of societal actors and, open dialogue with other knowledge systems. Before the Recommendation, there was no universal definition of open science and standards existed only at regional, national or institutional levels. This UNESCO Recommendation defines the norms, values, principles and actions for achieving open science for all. This was adopted by 193 member states in November 2021. In 2020 – at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic – she launched an ambitious global effort to establish the Recommendation on Open Science, the first international framework on open science. These non-scientists and scientists, who come from all over the world, have endorsed the idea of a global transition to open science.Īudrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, has observed that: “Today, closed science models no longer work because they amplify inequalities between countries and researchers and because they only make scientific progress available to a minority." She made this point in a Joint Appeal for Open Science with UNESCO, the World Health Organization and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on 27 October 2020. A growing number of scientists and non-scientists now acknowledge that this barrier is not only holding back individual scientists, it is also holding back scientific progress – and the vital solutions we need to tackle climate change, biodiversity loss, health pandemics and a whole host of other pressing challenges. More than 70 years on, science is still struggling to meet its social contract. Investment in research infrastructure, research funding processes and research prioritisation are all masked within boundaries set by disciplines or institutional and national practices, with limited transparency and engagement.Īnd yet, the right to access science and its benefits was set out in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. What a paradox: climate change and biodiversity loss are considered existential challenges for humanity, yet over 60% of research articles published over the past decade on the topic of climate change and nearly 50% of those related to biodiversity are still locked behind paywalls.ĭespite the best intentions of individual researchers and institutions, most new knowledge is available to a minority of readers and the scientific process itself is often opaque. At the heart of its discussions will be a burning question: how can we make the practice of science more equitable and more transparent to ensure that everyone enjoys the benefits? This conference is organized by the Dag Hammarskjöld Library in collaboration with UNESCO and the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Office of International Standards and Legal Affairsįrom 8 to 10 February 2023, policy-makers, researchers, scholars, librarians, publishers and others are meeting in New York at the third United Nations Open Science Conference to discuss how open science can accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.
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